تحلیل تکنیکال VaidoVeek درباره نماد TSLAX در تاریخ ۱۴۰۴/۲/۵

Forget the hype, headlines, or hope. These 9 financial ratios are what real investors actually use to pick winners, but... P/E? ROE? EPS? 🧐 - What are they, or better yet, WHO are they? 🤯 - How high is “too high”? - Is a low number always good, or just a trap? - Do all industries follow the same rules… or is that another myth? Buffett. Greenblatt. Graham. Lynch. They didn’t rely on vibes — they trusted fundamentals After years of relying on charts, I built a 9-point fundamentals checklist to filter stocks faster and smarter. Now I’m sharing it with real-life examples and key insights to help you spot what really makes a stock worth owning: Easy enough for new investors diving into fundamentals Sharp enough to level up seasoned pros Real enough to avoid hype …but the truth is: these numbers did flag companies like Amazon, Apple, and Nvidia before the market gave them credit. ----------------------------------------------------- ✅ Quick Reference Table Scan the table, then dive into the stories… First Pro Tip: Bookmark this. You’ll check these before every stock pick. ----------------------------------------------------- 📊 1. P/E Ratio | Price-to-Earnings What it tells you: How much you pay for each dollar of a company’s profit. Short Example: A P/E of 20 means you pay $20 for $1 of profit. High P/E? Expect big growth or risk overpaying. Strong: Between 15 and 25 Caution: Above 30 (unless fast growth) Industry Averages: - Tech: 25–40 - Utilities: 10–15 - Consumer Staples: 15–20 - Energy: 10–20 - Healthcare: 20–30 Story: In early 2023, NVIDIA’s P/E ratio hovered around 25, near the low end for tech stocks. Investors who saw this as a steal amid the AI boom were rewarded—NVIDIA’s stock made 4x by the end of 2024 as AI chip demand soared. Contrast that with Tesla in Q1 2025, when its P/E spiked above 40 with slowing sales and Tesla’s stock dropped 50% in weeks. Pro tip: A low P/E is not always good. If growth is weak or falling, it's often a trap. Example: A utility company with a P/E of 30 is probably overpriced. A tech stock with 35 might still be fair — if growth justifies it. ----------------------------------------------------- 🧠 2. PEG Ratio | Price-to-Earnings-to-Growth What it tells you: If a high P/E is worth it based on future profit growth. Whether the earnings growth justifies the price. Short Example: A PEG below 1 means you’re getting growth at a fair price. High PEG? You’re overpaying. Strong: Below 1 Caution: Above 2 Industry Averages: - Software: below 1.5 is solid - Consumer Goods: Below 2 is more realistic - Tech: Below 1 - Consumer Staples: Below 1.5 - Healthcare: Below 1.2 - Financials: Below 1.5 - Energy: Below 1.3 Story: In mid-2022, Salesforce’s PEG was 0.8 (P/E 35, forward EPS growth 45%) as cloud demand surged. Investors who spotted this steal saw the stock climb 130% by the end of 2024. Meanwhile, Peloton in 2023 had a P/E of 20 but near-zero growth (PEG above 3). Its stock cratered -50% as fitness trends faded. Story: NVIDIA’s PEG hit 0.9 in Q3 2023 (P/E 30, growth 35%) during AI hype, a steal for tech (average PEG below 1.2). PEG filters hype. A stock can look expensive until you factor in growth. ----------------------------------------------------- 🧱 3. P/B Ratio | Price-to-Book What it tells you: How much you pay compared to what the company owns (like buildings or cash). Short Example: A P/B below 1.5 means you’re paying close to the company’s asset value. High P/B? Expect strong profits or risk. Strong: Below 1.5 Caution: Below 1 + poor earnings = value trap Industry Averages: - Banks: Below 1.5 - Insurance: Below 1.3 - REITs: Use NAV (aim below 1.2) - Tech: Often ignored - Energy: Below 2 Story: In 2024, JPMorgan Chase’s P/B was 1.4, solid for banks (average below 1.5). Investors who bought enjoyed 100% gains. n 2023, Bed Bath & Beyond’s P/B fell below 1 with collapsing earnings. It looked cheap but filed for bankruptcy that year. Tip: Only use this in asset-heavy sectors like banking or real estate. ----------------------------------------------------- ⚙️ 4. ROE | Return on Equity What it tells you: How well a company turns investor money into profits. Short Example: An ROE above 15% means the company makes good money from your investment. Low ROE? Weak returns. Strong: Above 15% Caution: Below 10% unless in slow-growth industries Industry Averages: - Tech: 20–30% - Consumer Staples: 15–25% - Utilities: 8–12% - Financials: 10–15% - Healthcare: 15–20% Story: Coca-Cola (KO) has kept ROE above 35% for years, a sign of brand power and pricing strength. Eli Lilly’s (LLY) ROE stayed above 25% from 2022–2024, a healthcare leader (average 15–20%). Its weight-loss drug Mounjaro drove consistent profits, lifting the stock 150%+ in two years. Checking ROE trends helped investors spot this winner. Tip: If ROE is high but D/E is also high, be careful, it might just be leverage. ----------------------------------------------------- 💰 5. Net Margin | Profitability What it tells you: How much profit a company keeps from its sales or what % of revenue ends up as pure profit. Short Example: A 10% margin means $10 profit per $100 in sales. Low margin? Tough business or high costs. Strong: Above 10-15%+ Caution: Below 5% Industry Averages: - Software: 20–30% - Retail: 2–5% - Manufacturing: 8–12% - Consumer Staples: 10–15% - Energy: 5–10% - Healthcare: 8–15% Story: Walmart’s (WMT) 2% net margin looks tiny — but it’s expected in retail. A software firm with 5%? That’s a warning — high costs or weak pricing. In 2023, Zoom’s (ZM) net margin fell to 5% (down from 25% in 2021), well below software’s 20–30% average. Pricing pressure and competition crushed its stock quite a lot. Meanwhile, Apple’s 25% margin in 2024 (tech average 20%) remained a cash cow. Tip: Margins show whether the company owns its pricing or competes on price. ----------------------------------------------------- 💣 6. D/E Ratio | Debt-to-Equity What it tells you: How much debt a company uses compared to investor money. Short Example: A D/E below 1 means more investor cash than debt. High D/E? Risky if profits dip. Strong: Below 1 Caution: Above 2 (except REITs or utilities) Industry Averages: - Tech: 0–0.5 - Industrials: 0.5–1.5 - REITs: 1.5–2.5 (manageable due to structure) - Utilities: 1–2 - Energy: 0.5–1.5 Story: In 2024, Tesla’s D/E dropped below 0.3 (tech average 0–0.5) as it paid down debt, signaling strength despite sales dips - a massive rally afterward. Tip: Rising debt + falling profits = a storm coming. Always check both. ----------------------------------------------------- 💵 7. Free Cash Flow (FCF) What it tells you: Cash left after paying for operations and growth investments. Short Example: Apple’s $100 billion cash pile in 2024 funded stock buybacks, boosting shares. Low cash? Trouble looms. Strong: Positive and growing Caution: Negative for multiple years Sector notes: - Tech: Lots of cash (think billions) - Industrials: Up and down, check trends - REITs: Look at FFO (cash from properties), aim high - Energy: Has cash, but swings with oil prices - Healthcare: Steady cash, not too high Story: Netflix had negative FCF while scaling content. Once costs stabilized, FCF turned positive and stock re-rated sharply. Pro tip: Profits don’t mean much without real cash. FCF is often more honest. Cash is king: Companies need cash to pay bills, reduce debt, or fund growth. If FCF is falling, they might be burning through cash reserves or borrowing, which isn’t sustainable. Potential issues : This mismatch could signal problems like poor cash collection, heavy spending, or even accounting tricks to inflate profits. ----------------------------------------------------- 🚀 8. EPS Growth | Earnings Power What it tells you: How fast a company’s profits per share are growing. Short Example: EPS up 10% yearly means more profit per share, lifting stock prices. Flat EPS? No growth, no gains. Strong: Above 10% Caution: Below 5%, flat/negative for 3+ years Industry Averages: - Tech: 15–30% - Staples: 5–10% - REITs: 3–6% (via FFO growth) - Healthcare: 10–15% - Financials: 5–10% - Energy: 5–15% (cyclical) Story: In Q1 2024, NVIDIA’s forward EPS growth of 30% (tech average 20%+) fueled a rally as AI chips dominated. Checking forward estimates helped investors avoid traps like Intel, with flat EPS and a drop. Pro tip: A stock with flat EPS and no dividend? There’s no reason to own it. ----------------------------------------------------- 💵 9. Dividend Yield | Passive Income What it tells you: How much cash you get yearly from dividends per dollar invested. Short Example: A 3% yield means $3 per $100 invested. High yield? Check if it’s sustainable. Good: ~3–4% Red Flag: Above 6% with a payout ratio above 80-90% Industry Averages: - Utilities: 3–5% - REITs: 3–6% - Consumer Staples: 2–4% - Tech: 0–2% - Energy: 2–5% ----------------------------------------------------- 💡 Final Thought: How to Use All of This Top investors don’t use just one metric. They look at the whole picture: Good growth? Check PEG. Good profits? Confirm with ROE and margin. Safe balance sheet? Look at D/E and cash flow. Fair valuation? P/E + FCF Yield + P/B. Real power = Combining metrics. A company with P/E 15, PEG 0.8, ROE 20%, low debt, and positive FCF? That’s your winner. A stock with P/E 8, but no growth, high debt, and negative cash flow? That’s a trap. ----------------------------------------------------- Real-World Combos 🎯Winners: Tech Gem: P/E 20, PEG 0.8, ROE 25%, D/E 0.4, growing FCF, EPS 20%+ (e.g., NVIDIA 2023: AI-driven growth, stock soared). Energy Steal: P/E 15, P/B 1.5, FCF positive, Dividend Yield 3.5% (e.g., Chevron 2023: Cash flow king). ⚠️Traps: Value Trap: P/E 8, flat EPS, D/E 2.5, negative FCF (e.g., Peloton 2023). Overhyped Tech: P/E 50, PEG 3, Net Margin 5%, D/E 1.5 (e.g., Rivian 2024). ----------------------------------------------------- 🚀 Share your own combos! What do you personally look for when picking a stock? If you spotted something off in the numbers, or have a valuable insight to add — please, drop it in the comments.👇 💡 Let’s turn this into a thread that’s not just good but superb and genuinely helpful for everyone. ----------------------------------------------------- Final Thought “Buy great companies at fair prices, not fair companies at great prices.” – Warren Buffett This guide gives you the map. Charts, tell you when. These numbers tell you what, and why. And this post? It’s just the beginning! These 9 metrics are part one of a bigger series I’m building — where we’ll go even deeper, with more advanced ratios, smarter combos, and real case studies. If this guide helped you see financial numbers a little clearer, there’s a good chance it’ll help your investor friend too, especially if they’re just starting their journey...🤝Share it with them! I built this as much for myself as for anyone else who wants to get better.👊 If you made it this far — thank you! 🙏 ...and super thankful if you hit "The Boost" on this post 🚀 Cheers, Vaido